Clinical significance of serum ischemia modified albumin in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome / 中国医师进修杂志

Objective:To investigate serum ischemia modified albumin (IMA) levels in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and to analyze its association with PCOS.Methods:Eighty patients(observation group) who received treatment in Tonglu Maternal and Child Health Hospital during 2017—2018, and 75 cases of healthy physical examination women (control group) were enrolled. The level of serum IMA was detected, and the IMA index was calculate. The levels of body mass index (BMI) and biochemical indexes such as fasting blood-glucose, fasting insulin, glycosylated hemoglobin, total cholesterol, triglyceride, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterin, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) were compared. Homeostasis model assessment evaluated the insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR), and the levels of luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), testosterone (T), estradiol (E 2) and prolactin (PRL) were detected by chemiluminesent immunoassay assay. The relationship between serum IMA and the index above mentioned were analyzed by Pearson correlation. Results:The level of IMA in observation group and control group was (86.4 ± 10.5) and (73.6 ± 7.84) kU/L, and there was significant difference ( P<0.05). The level of IMA index in observation group and control group was 93.21 ± 8.40, 74.60 ± 6.52, and there was significant difference ( P<0.05). The levels of serum fasting insulin, HOMA-IR, hs-CRP, LH, LH/FSH, T in observation group were significantly higher than those in control group: (14.90 ± 6.23) mU/L vs. (9.21 ± 1.5) mU/L, 3.64 ± 1.35 vs. 1.89 ± 0.91, (2.84 ± 0.73) mg/L vs. (0.81 ± 0.13) mg/L, (7.34 ± 2.65) mU/L vs. (4.50 ± 2.25) mU/L, 1.75 ± 0.62 vs. 0.90 ± 0.33, (2.64 ± 1.25) ng/L vs. (1.26 ± 0.36) ng/L, and there were significant differences ( P<0.05). In observation group, the level of IMA had positive correlation with the levels of T and HOMA-IR ( r=0.47, P<0.05; r=0.58, P<0.05), and had no correlation with BMI ( P>0.05). Conclusions:The level of IMA in PCOS patients is increased, and detecting the level of IMA has important clinical significance in treatment and evaluation.

A clinical epidemiological investigation of neonatal acute respiratory distress syndrome in southwest Hubei, China / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the clinical features and outcome of neonatal acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in southwest Hubei, China.@*METHODS@#According to the Montreux definition of neonatal ARDS, a retrospective clinical epidemiological investigation was performed on the medical data of neonates with ARDS who were admitted to Department of Neonatology/Pediatrics in 17 level 2 or level 3 hospitals in southwest Hubei from January to December, 2017.@*RESULTS@#A total of 7 150 neonates were admitted to the 17 hospitals in southwest Hubei during 2017 and 66 (0.92%) were diagnosed with ARDS. Among the 66 neonates with ARDS, 23 (35%) had mild ARDS, 28 (42%) had moderate ARDS, and 15 (23%) had severe ARDS. The main primary diseases for neonatal ARDS were perinatal asphyxia in 23 neonates (35%), pneumonia in 18 neonates (27%), sepsis in 12 neonates (18%), and meconium aspiration syndrome in 10 neonates (15%). Among the 66 neonates with ARDS, 10 neonates (15%) were born to the mothers with an age of ≥35 years, 30 neonates (45%) suffered from intrauterine distress, 32 neonates (49%) had a 1-minute Apgar score of 0 to 7 points, 24 neonates (36%) had abnormal fetal heart monitoring results, and 21 neonates (32%) experienced meconium staining of amniotic fluid. Intraventricular hemorrhage was the most common comorbidity (12 neonates), followed by neonatal shock (9 neonates) and patent ductus arteriosus (8 neonates). All 66 neonates with ARDS were treated with mechanical ventilation in addition to the treatment for primary diseases. Among the 66 neonates with ARDS, 10 died, with a mortality rate of 15% (10/66), and 56 neonates were improved or cured, with a survival rate of 85% (56/66).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Neonatal ARDS in southwest Hubei is mostly mild or moderate. Perinatal asphyxia and infection may be the main causes of neonatal ARDS in this area. Intraventricular hemorrhage is the most common comorbidity. Neonates with ARDS tend to have a high survival rate after multimodality treatment.

Incidence of neonatal asphyxia and contributing factors for the develpment of severe asphyxia in Hubei Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture: a multicenter study / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the incidence of neonatal asphyxia and possible contributing factors for the development of severe asphyxia in Hubei Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, China.@*METHODS@#A total of 16 hospitals in Hubei Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture were selected as research centers. A retrospective analysis was performed for the clinical data of 22 294 live births in these 16 hospitals from January to December, 2016 to investigate the incidence rate of neonatal asphyxia and possible contributing factors for the development of severe asphyxia.@*RESULTS@#Of the 22 294 neonates born alive, 733 (3.29%) were diagnosed with neonatal asphyxia, among whom 627 had mild asphyxia and 106 had severe asphyxia. The neonates with low maternal education level, maternal anemia during pregnancy, chorioamnionitis, abnormal amniotic fluid, abnormal umbilical cord, placenta previa, placental abruption, Tujia Minority, preterm birth, and low birth weight had a higher incidence of severe asphyxia (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#The incidence rate of neonatal asphyxia in Hubei Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture is higher. Low maternal education level, maternal anemia during pregnancy, chorioamnionitis, abnormal amniotic fluid, abnormal umbilical cord, placenta previa, placental abruption, Tujia Minority, preterm birth, and low birth weight may be related to the development of severe neonatal asphyxia.

Melanoma stem cell markers and targeted therapies: awareness and pertinence / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND: Melanomas, a highly malignant tumor of the skin, have no effective therapy to date. OBJECTIVE: To review the melanoma stem cell markers identified and existing therapies. METHODS: We retrieved database of CNKI and PubMed for articles addressing melanoma stem cell markers and targeted therapies, which were published from January 2010 to December 2016. The key words were"melanoma, cancer stem cell, marker, therapy" in Chinese and English, respectively. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Forty articles were included in the final review. It is important to separate cancer stem cells from tumor cells by tumor stem cell markers for the study of tumor growth, recurrence, metastasis and drug resistance. There are still no generally recognized markers of melanoma stem cells, but the generally studied markers are CD20, CD133, CD271, ABCB5 and SOX10. To date, we have a poor understanding of melanoma stem cell markers, and further investigations on the markers and targeted therapies are warranted.

Effect of sevoflurane on learning and memory function and apoptosis of hippocampus in infant rats / 中国免疫学杂志

Objective:To explore the effect of sevoflurane on learning and memory function and apoptosis of hippocampus in infant rats. Methods:100 SD rats aged 6-8 days were randomly divided into 5 groups(n=20),the group Ⅰinhaled 3% sevoflurane and 25% oxygen for 2 hours;the groupⅡinhaled only 25% oxygen for 2 hours;the groupⅢinhaled 3% sevoflurane and 25% oxygen for 2 hours on the 6th,7th,8th day after birth;the group Ⅳ inhaled 25% oxygen for 2 hours on the 6th,7th,8th day after birth;groupⅤ were just put into the anesthetized box without any treatment. When the rats were grown up to 16-21 days after anesthesia,the effect of learning and memory function were assessed by Morris water maze test,and activity of caspase-3 were detected by Western blot,the apoptosis of hippocampus were detected by tunnel. Results:①Compared to groupⅣ,the mean escape lantency of groupⅠshowed no significant changes(P>0. 05),while group Ⅲ was significant longer (P<0. 05),which was significant different from other groups(P<0. 05).②In the space exploration experiment,there was no difference between group Ⅰ and Ⅳ,but compared to group Ⅰ and other groups,the number of cross platform of groupⅢwas decreased (P<0. 05).③The swimming speed of groupⅢwas significantly slower than the other groups.④Compared to group Ⅳ,the activity of caspase-3 slightly increased in group Ⅰ,and significantly increased in group Ⅲ( P<0. 05 ) . ⑤The positive cells in hippocampus stained by TUNEL in group Ⅲ was significant increased ( P<0. 05 ) . Conclusion:Learning and memory function of infant rats aged 6-8 days are impaired after three exposures to sevoflurane when they grow up to 16-21 days,and this may relate to the apoptosis of hippocampus.

Effect of Magnolol on Proliferation and Apoptosis of HL-60 Cells and Its Molecular Mechanism / 中国实验血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of magnolol on proliferation and apoptosis of HL-60 cells and its mechanism.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>MTT assay was used to measure the proliferation of HL-60 cells after treatment with different concentration of magnolol (5, 10, 20, 40, 80 and 160 µg/ml). The morphological changes of HL-60 cells were examined by light microscopy, and DAPI staining was performed to observe the nuclear morphology of HL-60 cells. The early cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry with Annexin V-FITC/PI double-staining. RT-PCR was carried out to examine the mRNA expression of BAX and BCL-2. Western blot was performed to detect the protein expression of caspase family.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The magnolol inhibited HL-60 cell proliferation, and the inhibitory rate of cell proliferation increased significantly in a dose- and time- dependent manner (P < 0.05). HL-60 cells became small, even apoptotic bodies appeared after treatment with magnolol. In addition, nuclear condensation or fragmentation could be observed, which is the typical morphological features of apoptosis. When HL-60 cells were treated with 40 µg/ml of magnolol for 24 h, the ratio of early apoptotic cells reached to (11.7 ± 2.4) %, which was significant different from control (1.4 ± 1.1) % (P < 0.05). RT-PCR results showed that treatment of HL-60 cells with magnolol up-regulated the expression of BAX, whereas down-regulated the expression of BCL-2. Western blot results showed that the cleavages of caspase-3, -8 and -9 were significantly enhanced by magnolol.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The magnolol can significantly inhibit the proliferation of HL-60 cells and induce the apoptosis of HL-60 cells, which may occur through up-regulation of BAX, down-regulation of BCL-2 and the activation of caspases.</p>

Imaging diagnosis of perianal fistula in Crohn disease / 中华胃肠外科杂志

Anal fistula is the most common perianal lesion in Crohn disease (CD), which usually is complicated and difficult to treat, and has a high recurrence rate and serious influence on the quality of life of patients. Inaccurate or incomplete intervention may result in irreversible damage. In order to achieve the best outcome, an optimal disease assessment is crucial. Many imaging modalities are useful for the evaluation of perianal fistulas in CD, which may help confirm the diagnosis, accurately classify the disease, plan the most suitable treatment, and monitor the efficacy. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) and anal endosonography (AES) are considered to be the suitable options for evaluation of the initial perianal fistula, both in terms of sensitivity and specificity, while MRI is more suitable for monitoring the curative efficacy. Fistulography (by X ray or CT) is generally less applied due to inferior soft tissue performance, radiation exposure, etc. This paper reviews the various imaging modalities, analyzes their advantages and disadvantages in order to assist clinicians in selecting the most appropriate examination individually.

Effect of topotecan on retinocytoma cell apoptosis and expression of Livin and PTEN / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Retinocytoma (RB) is a very common intraocular malignant tumor during infancy. Chemotherapy has gradually been used as the first-line treatment for intraocular RB in recent years. In this study, Livin and PTEN expressions were observed in the RB tissue, along with the growth-inhibiting and apoptosis-induced effects of topotecan (TPT) on RB HXO-Rb44 cell strain. This study aimed to investigate the antigrowth effects of TPT on RB cell strain HXO-Rb44.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Max-Vision(TM) rapid immunohistochemistry was adopted to detect Livin and PTEN expressions in the normal retina and in RB, and their relationship with RB clinicopathologic features was analyzed. Human RB cell strain HXO-Rb44 was cultivated and passaged. MTT method was used to measure the survival rates of HXO-Rb44 cell strains under various TPT concentrations. IC50 values were calculated. Flow cytometry was used to detect the effects of various TPT concentrations on HXO-Rb44 cell apoptosis. Western blotting was used to detect the differences of Livin and PTEN protein expressions during cell apoptosis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The positive expressions of Livin and PTEN in the RB group were obviously different from those in the normal control group. In RB tissue, Livin expression was relevant to PTEN expression. TPT could significantly induce the occurrence of cell apoptosis and had a dependent relationship with drug concentration. Livin and PTEN expression levels varied with the extension of the effect time of TPT based on Western blotting analysis.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Livin and PTEN have high and low expression levels in the RB tissue, respectively. Both of them have key roles in RB occurrence and development. TPT could induce human RB cell strain HXO-Rb44 cell apoptosis, and its mechanism is associated with the inhibition of Livin and PTEN expressions.</p>

A 32P application device for the treatment of condyloma acuminatum in the rectum / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the use of a 32P application device (AD) in the treatment of condyloma acuminatum (CA) in the rectum, and to compare its clinical effect with that of the microwave therapy.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>This study included 107 cases of CA in the rectum, 99 males and 8 females, aged 21-58 (33.6 +/- 9.4) years. Forty-six of the patients (the AD group) were treated with a self-made 32P application device, which, as a tube-shaped carrier of radionuclide 32P colloid, was fixed in the rectum at the diseased part for medication at 4.9-8.2 Gy for 3-5 hours once and 1-2 times a week. The other 61 (the microwave group) were treated by microwave burning under local anesthesia. Both groups of patients were followed up for over 3 months for comparison of the therapeutic results and observation of the stability and reliability of the 32P application device.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The rates of cure, reoccurrence and adverse reaction were 84, 8%, 13.0% and 8.7% in the AD group, compared with 40.3%, 55.7% and 75.4% in the microwave group, with statistically significant differences between the two groups (P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The 32P application device, with its advantages of low cost, easy operation, good effect, high safety and reliability, low recurrence, fewer adverse events and good acceptability, is highly valuable for the treatment of CA in the rectum.</p>

Peak inspiratory flow generated through different analogue dry powder inhalers in Shenzhen healthy preschool children / 中华儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Dry powder inhalers (DPIs) are increasingly being used to deliver drugs for the treatment of asthma. It is known that DPIs require a crucial minimal inspiratory flow. Previous studies have demonstrated that the peak inspiratory flow (PIF, L/min) through a DPI is dependent on the type of device, the age of the patient, and the level of bronchial obstruction. However, the peak inspiratory flow of healthy preschool children in China remains scant in the literature. The present study aimed to analyze the ability of inspiring flow through the resistance state of ordinary use inhaler in Shenzhen healthy preschool children by measuring the peak inspiratory flow through the different analogue dry powder inhalers and go further into the relationship between it and the age, weight and forced expiratory volume of the children.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>A survey in 370 healthy preschool children aged 3 to 6 years (75 children aged 3 years, 104 children aged 4 years, 100 children aged 5 years and 91 children aged 6 years) was carried out in Shenzhen. Peak inspiratory flow (PIF) was measured without and with resistances, which mimicked the internal resistances of several inhalers, Diskus, Turbuhaler, Autohaler, Surehaler by PIF meter (In-check DIAL) and then data PIF-N, PIF-D, PIF-T, PIF-A and PIF-S were obtained. Peak expiratory flow (PEF) was measured by PEF meter (MicroPeak, USA). These two measurements were made in a well-controlled setting, and at least three attempts were recorded to establish maximum achievement. Six spirometry parameters forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume at 0.5 second (FEV 0.5), forced expiratory volume at 0.75 second (FEV 0.75), forced expiratory volume at one second (FEV1), maximal mid expiratory flow rate (FEF 25 - 75, PEF were measured by using COSMED spirometry of Italy and the FVC measurements should be around the quality control for spirometry in preschool children which we suggested and published in 2005. All data were expressed as mean +/- SD and analyzed with the statistical software SPSS 12.0 for Windows. Pearson's test was used for calculation of the significances of the correlation coefficients. Variance analysis was used for analysing the variability of inspiratory flows through the inhalers.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Results were obtained from 295 children aged 3 - 6 years who successfully finished the tests. The PIF-N, PIF-D, PIF-T, PIF-A and PIF-S were significantly different among the groups aged 3 yrs, 4 yrs, 5 yrs and 6 yrs. The peak inspiratory flow significantly increased with age. The PIF-N, PIF-D, PIF-T, PIF-A and PIF-S in the children of 110 cm height and above were significantly higher than those in the children below 110 cm height, so were the parameters between the children of 120 cm height and above and the children below 120 cm. PIF correlated significantly with age, height and weight and the Pearson coefficient was 0.3 - 0.5. The PIFs in different inhalers varied because of the different inner resistances. The minimum and optimum PIFs in resistances of Diskus, Autohaler and Surehaler could be achieved in almost all subjects, but those in resistances of Turbuhaler could be achieved in only 87.5% subjects, most of whom aged 3 yrs or below 100 cm height. There were good correlations between the PIFs in different resistances and main parameters of ventilation function (FVC, FEV 0.5, FEV 0.75, FEV1, FEF 25 - 75, PEF), PEF was the best among them (Pearson correlative coefficient was 0.6).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The inspiratory ability of the children can be predicted and assessed by using routine measurement of lung function of normal pre-school children. As to the pre-school children of varying ages, the variety of inspiratory ability should be considered completely in the selection of inhaler used during the treatment. The best inhaler suitable for them should be selected properly in order to obtain the best efficacy of treatment individually.</p>

The clinic application of the bust deep artery and (or) the first dorsal metatarsal artery with reversed dorsalis pedis flap / 中华整形外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the better method of repairing the soft tissue defect of the distal foot.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The soft tissue defect in the distal foot of six patients were repaired by the distally based dorsum pedis island flap pedicled with the bust deep artery and(or) the first dorsal metatarsal artery.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Six patients were repaired in one stage, the biggest defect was 8 cm x 6 cm, all patients were followed-up 1 to 4 years, the function of foot was evidently improved, the patients were all satisfied with the operative results.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The bust deep artery and (or) the first dorsal metatarsal artery, with reliable blood supply, were easily dissected and with good texture. So far this kind of flap is a good choice in repairing the defects of the soft tissue in the distal foot.</p>

Effect of photochemotherapy on expression of gelatases / 上海第二医科大学学报

Objective To determine the effect of photochemotherapy on the expression of gelatinases. Methods Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and gelatine zymography were employed to detect the effect of photochemotherapy on the expression and bioactivity of gelatinases at mRNA and protein levels respectively. Results Combination of ultraviolet A(UVA,0.8-2.0 J/cm2) and 8-methoxypsoralen(8-MOP,100 ng/mL) resulted in a decrease in the expression and bioactivity of gelatinases. Conclusion Photochemotherapy can inhibit the angiogenesis of endothelial cells through downregulating the expression and bioactivity of gelatinases.

Genotyping and sequence analysis of Rh deletion D——individuals and their family members / 中国输血杂志

Objective To study the molecular mechanisms of Rh deletion D--individuals.Methods Several exons and introns of RHD and RHCE gene were amplified by PCR-SSP.The abnormally amplified segments,which were inconsistent with serologic phenotyping,were cloned and sequenced.Results Fragments of D,e gene were amplified in two RhD--individuals.After sequencing,deletion at nucleotide 22 in exon 5,and point mutations at codon 48 and 90 were found in one individual.Mutation at codon 48 in exon 5 were found in another.Conclusion Exon deletion of Rh gene,along with deletion and mutation of single nucleotide may cause Rh deletion D--.